Thursday, December 29, 2011

牛津詞典 (Oxford Dictionaries) 最近的新詞:之八

我是線上《牛津詞典》專業版 (Oxford Dictionaries Pro) 的訂戶,最近注意到網站發布了最新一季的新詞。這一季的新詞共有 45 個,我分批介紹,並加註了自己的翻譯和眉批,附上詞典所提供的例句一條和詞源 (若有),以饗格友。

前七批 (之一~之七) 介紹了按字母順序的頭 35 個,這次介紹第八批再次的 5 個。請注意,這裡的《牛津詞典》不是史上最大的《牛津英語詞典》(The Oxford English Dictionary),而是以《英語牛津詞典》(Oxford Dictionary of English) 為骨幹,兼納《新牛津美國詞典》(New Oxford American Dictionary) 數位化而成。名字過份類似,的確令人混淆。

36. slacktivism /ˈslaktɪvɪz(ə)m/ 懶人行動主義 (also slactivism) noun [mass noun] informal
定義:actions performed via the Internet in support of a political or social cause but regarded asrequiring little time or involvement, e.g. signing an online petition or joining a campaign group on a social networking website.
例句:Such email alerts make slacktivism easy.
詞源:由 slacker "懶人" 和 activism "行動主義" 混成

37. smart tag 智慧標籤 (一種有嵌入式無線射頻識別的電子標籤裝置) noun
定義:an electronic tag with an embedded RFID device, attached to an object for the purposes of tracking or storing data relating to its use.
例句:The battery-operated smart tags rely on cellphone technology to send information back to MIT computers, allowing researchers - and the public - to monitor the trash in real-time as it moves through the waste stream to its final destination.

38. snark /snɑːk/ 諷刺挖苦 informal, chiefly North American verb [no object]
定義:make snide and sharply critical comments.
例句:They even snark about her family background
noun [mass noun] 諷刺挖苦
定義:snide and sharply critical comments.

例句:A worthwhile blog cannot live on snark alone.
詞源:mid 19th century: originally in the dialect senses 'snore, snort', 'find fault'

39. sock puppet n. 1. 定義:a simple hand puppet made from a sock 襪子木偶
例句:When you were a young kid, did you ever play with sock puppets?
2. 定義:a person whose actions are controlled by another 傀儡
例句:A brainless sock puppet who only knows what to say because his handlers feed him his lines.
3. 定義:a false online identity, typically created by a person or group in order to promote their own opinions or views 網上假名;"馬甲"
例句:Both sides in the debate use sock puppets to make it seem as if scores of people are arguing a point

40. stitch and bitch noun [usually as modifier] (邊打毛線邊閒聊的) 毛線會
定義:a social gathering during which the participants chat or gossip while engaging in knitting or needlework.
例句:Her grand designs for the shop involve a trendy makeover and the introduction of a Tuesday night stitch-and-bitch session.

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